Understanding Equity in the Recreation User Fee Context

Abstract

Equity is a major public concern related to recreation fees on public lands. The purpose of this study was to test a three-dimensional model of equity and to examine the perceptions of equity across demographic segments. Data were collected by a telephone survey with residents (N = 366) of two western states. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-dimensional equity model in a recreation fee context. People tended to support democratic equity more than compensatory equity. Greater support was shown for discounted fees for the elderly and persons with disabilities than for discounts for ethnic minorities, low income people, or large families, suggesting the possibility of two sub-dimensions of the compensatory equity construct. Overall, the results do not support that disadvantaged groups seek discounted fees.

Keywords:

• disadvantaged groups
• entry fee
• equity dimensions
• equity measurement
• public lands
• public response

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the U.S. Forest Service and was part of the doctoral dissertation of Gyan P. Nyaupane.

Notes

There are 78 observations and 30 parameters. Observations = no. of obs. variables (no. of obs. variables+1)/2 = 12 (12 +1)/2 = 78 Parameters = 12 variances for observed variables + 3 variances for latent variables (not counting fixed as 1) + 3 associations between the factors +12 factor loadings = 30.

*p < .05

**p < .01

***p < .001

* P < 0.05.

* P < 0.05.