Microbial Diversity Analysis and Bioprospecting from Indian Geothermal Springs

Abstract

Indian geothermal springs are found predominantly in the Himalayan region and are characterized by high temperatures, acidic or alkaline pH, and high mineral content. The unique combination of these factors provides a niche for the survival and proliferation of a wide range of microbial organisms. More than 400 unique geothermal springs have been reported segregated into different groups. Studies conducted by employing culture dependent and independent methodologies revealed the presence of diverse microbial communities, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Cyanobacteria. These microorganisms have evolved unique adaptations to withstand the harsh conditions of the springs. The microbial diversity of Indian geothermal springs is not only fascinating from an ecological perspective but also holds great potential for biotechnological applications such as the ability to produce enzymes, pigments, bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass and heavy metal removal. These metabolic properties have attracted the attention of researchers for various applications, including the development of novel therapeutics, industrial enzymes, and bioremediation agents.

Keywords:

• Geothermal springs
• biotechnology
• microorganisms
• microbial diversity
• thermophiles

Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to DBT BUILDER Scheme, Govt. of India to provide support for the completion of the present study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).