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Microwave separations

Microwave-assisted preparation of carboxylic graphene oxide-chitosan composite for adsorption of uranium and heavy toxic metals in water samples

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 2242-2260 | Received 26 Nov 2021, Accepted 15 Feb 2022, Published online: 07 Mar 2022
 

ABSTRACT

In this study, the microwave-assisted novel composite of carboxylic graphene oxide-chitosan (COOH-GO-CTS) was prepared by using carboxylic functionalized graphene oxide (COOH-GO). The prepared composite was characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, XPS and Raman spectroscopy successfully. The composite was used as an adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals such as uranium (U), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd). Batch adsorption was carried out to study the effects of pH of the medium, initial concentration of heavy metals, amount of adsorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature. The removal percentages for U, Pb, Cr, and Cd were observed to be 92.4, 94.6, 90.2, and 90.6% at 5, 5.5, 3, and 5 pH, respectively. Adsorption isotherms were performed for Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption, and it was observed that the Langmuir adsorption isotherm well fitted (R2 > 0.99) the present adsorption study. The maximum adsorption capacities of the composite for U, Pb, Cr, and Cd were found to be 64.93, 384.61, 68.49, and 49.50 mg g−1, respectively. The heavy metal adsorption kinetics were also performed, and it was observed that the pseudo-second order was well fitted (R2 > 0.99) the present study. Further, the themodynamic studies confirmed the adsorption of the heavy metals to be endothermic and spontaneous in nature.

Acknowledgements

Khilawan Patel gratefully acknowledges the funding from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (09/1116(0008)/2018-EMR-I), Delhi, India. All the authors are thankful to the National Institute of Technology, Raipur, for providing essential research support and facilities.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research.

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