Dietary Carbohydrate Intake Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Previous studies have presented a few evidences on the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), with the prostate cancer risk. We performed a case-control study to evaluate these associations in 50 men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 100 control men. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were derived using logistic regression. The fully adjusted ORs for the top vs. the bottom quartile were 15.02 (P trend = 0.004), 1.04 (P trend = 0.003), and 10.35 (P trend = 0.002) for carbohydrate intake, GI and GL, respectively. Significant associations with prostate cancer remained only among men with reduced fiber intake for carbohydrate intake, GI and GL and among those had increased fiber intake for GI. These findings support the hypothesis that diet with high carbohydrate, GI and GL enhance risk of prostate cancer.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to all patients for their contributions in the study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflicts of interest was reported by the authors.

Author contributions

ZA and FH perceived the proposed idea. ZA, FA, and BR obtained ethical approvals, applied for collect data of the study. ZA and BR were involved in the analysis. ZA and FH wrote and reviewed the first draft. ZA, FH, BR, and AH reviewed and edited the final version of the manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.