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Abstract
A feather mite Hyonyssus sulcatus n. sp. is described from the Tit-hylia Pholidornis rushiae Hartlaub, 1857 (Passeriformes: Remizidae) collected in Cameroon. Host associations of the genus Hyonyssus Gaud and Mouchet, 1959 are briefly discussed. Based on current knowledge of host associations, it is hypothesized that the genus Hyonyssus evolved on the African barbets (Piciformes: Lybiidae) and developed on this host group by cospeciation. Further, some representatives of this mite genus have transferred to woodpeckers of the genus Dendropicos Malherbe, 1849 (Piciformes: Picidae). The ancestor of H. sulcatus n. sp. probably appeared on the passerine host P. rushiae due to host shifting from a woodpecker host of the genus Dendropicos.