Bilateral enlargement of all extraocular muscles: a presenting ophthalmic sign of hematologic malignancy

ABSTRACT

Hematologic malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma can frequently present in the orbit; however, involvement of the extraocular muscles is rare. The authors report two cases of systemic hematologic malignancy presenting with bilateral extraocular muscle enlargement and associated compressive optic neuropathy (CON). Both patients experienced clinical and radiographic improvement of ocular and systemic manifestations of disease with prompt initiation of targeted chemotherapy. These cases highlight the importance of including hematologic malignancy in the differential diagnosis of atypical bilateral extraocular muscle enlargement.

KEYWORDS:

• Compressive optic neuropathy
• extraocular muscle infiltration
• leukemia
• lymphoma

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

Meeting presentation

This study was presented as a poster at the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fall Scientific Symposium 2021, New Orleans, LA.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.