Silicon fertilization – A tool to boost up drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop for better yield

ABSTRACT

In this study, impact of silicon (Si) application on wheat performance under drought stress is studied. Experimental soil was sandy clay loam with an average pH of 8.01, electrical conductivity (EC) of 2.36 dSm⁻¹, and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content of 2.16%. Soil was severely deficient in organic matter (<1%). Average extractable phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentration was 230 and 5.21 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. Silicon potassium metasilicate (K₂SiO₃) was applied at the rate of 0 and 12 kg/ha with three canal water irrigation frequencies including two, three, and four under randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial fashion with three replications. Results indicated that drought stress significantly reduced plant height, spike length, shoot fresh weight, and number of spikelets/spike, eventually enhancing wheat yield. Concentration of K⁺ in shoot (28.65 mg g⁻¹) and grains (3.51 mg g⁻¹) increased with Si application, which helped to maintain water potential in plant even under reduced moisture level in plants and soil, ultimately producing more yield and biomass under drought stress conditions.

KEYWORDS:

• Wheat
• silicon
• drought stress
• yield
• K⁺ concentration

Funding

This research was supported by the Research Center, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.