Nitrogen rate applied affects dry matter translocation and performance attributes of wheat under deficit irrigation

ABSTRACT

Crop production in arid/semi-arid regions is restricted by soil moisture and nitrogen (N) deficiencies. Consequently, sufficient levels of N and irrigation are important in improving the crop's productivity. Therefore, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to understand influences of watering techniques namely 300, 500 and 700 mm with contrasting N supply (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha⁻¹) on wheat cv. “landrace” productivity, dry matter translocation (DMT) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to the grain (CPAAG, %). Experiments were conducted each year using a split-plot design with three replications at a private farm, North Hamedan Province, Iran. Accordingly, when 500/700 mm water was applied, CPAAG values were higher than those obtained after applying 300 mm water, i.e. 49.99 and 45.45 vs. 40.13%. The highest productivity in terms of grain yield, grain N concentration, nitrogen harvest index, special products analysis division and protein content was achieved in normal deficiencies of irrigation and N. This was further supported by a higher leaf area index, crop growth rate and N uptake of such treatment. Meanwhile, co-application of 120 kg N and 500 mm water significantly improved DMT, water and N use efficiency, and it was the optimal scheme for wheat production.

KEYWORDS:

• biomass accumulation
• dry matter translocation
• grain quality
• landrace
• nitrogen use efficiency
• Triticum aestivum L
• water use efficiency

Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the funding from Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. This work was financed by the Ministry of Science, Research & Technology of Iran.