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Abstract
Fababean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the oldest known important grain legume food crops grown within the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. This species is adapted for both forage and food grain production as a cool season annual crop on a wide range of soil and climatic conditions with effective tripartite symbiosis. Both Rhizobium and endophyte mycorrhiza are essential for high levels of production and symbiotic N2 fixation. The objective of these greenhouse and field studies was to determine effects of Glomus fasciculatum colonization with soil fertility treatments to a Psammentic Paleustalf (Eufaula series) on growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity and nodule composition for V. faba, var. Major, fuh Rumi (Nile) inoculated with R. leguminosarum Frank.
Top growth and nodule mass were increased approximately 10 fold and nitrogenase activity about 7 fold with the highly significant effect of mycorrhiza and response to low soluble Ca3(PO4)2 fertilization in greenhouse studies. With both effective mycorrhiza and Rhizobium inoculation in the field experiments, seed yields were correlated with top growth (r = 0.841). Phosphorus and Ca fertilization resulted in highly significant increases in seed yields. Nitrogenase activity was correlated with nodule wt. (r = 0.958) and highly significant increases resulted with P and Ca soil amendment. Plant nutrient element composition of nodules increased with the fertilization treatments for P, Ca and increased K levels. Sodium content decreased significantly with increased K fertilization (r = ‐0.846). Potassium composition increased significantly with P content (r = 0.523). Enhanced N2‐fixation along with increased high protein forage and food grain production with Fababeans have much potential. However, soil fertility and management techniques for improved production include effective mycor‐rhizal colonization.
Notes
Former Graduate Assistant and Professor, Agronomy, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078. Dr. El Hassanin's present address: Cairo University, Dokki Giza, Egypt.