Field, nutrient solution and temperature effect upon iron leaf chlorosis of dry beans (phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract

One hundred dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars/lines were evaluated for iron (Fe) deficiency on a calcareous soil. Twenty‐four cultivars/lines, varying in resistance and susceptibility to Fe chlorosis, were grown in nutrient solutions in growth chambers and analyzed for total iron in leaves. Fifteen materials were subsequently screened for Fe ‐chlorosis under field conditions on a calcareous soil. Five of the 15 cultivars/lines were grown in nutrient solutions under low (21. 1/15.6°C) and high (32.2/26.7°C) light/dark temperature regimes, and a photoperiod of 12 h in growth chambers.

The cultivars/lines differed in Fe chlorosis severity, and exhibited high to intermediate resistance and susceptibility. Some of the most resistant cultivars/lines grown in the field and in nutrient solution tests were ‘Black DCB’, ‘Pinto UI 114’, ‘LRK 2602’,’Pinto UI 126’, ‘Cranberry (vine)’, and ‘Pinto ND 912’. The most susceptible cultivars/lines were ‘Stueben Yellow Eye’, ‘Pilgrim’ and ‘G.N. JM 24’. No correlation was found between the degree of Fe chlorosis and total Fe in leaves. A genotype x environment interaction was noted. The following cultivars/lines behaved differently under field and nutrient tests: ‘White Kidney’, ‘Pinto ND 912’, ‘G.N. Emerson’, ‘G.N. Sapphire’, ‘Pinto KO 523’, ‘Navy Tuscola ‘ , and ‘Navy Fleetwood’. The following cultivars/lines behaved differently in the two field experiments: ‘Pinto KO 523’, ‘LRK 2602’, ‘LRK NW 126’, and ‘Stueben Yellow Eye’. The rate of leaf chlorosis development was more rapid and severity of symptoms greater under lower than higher temperatures in growth chambers. A genotype x temperature interaction was also noted. The following cultivars/lines behaved differently under different temperature regimes: ‘Navy NW 11’, ‘LRK NW 126’, ‘LRK 2602’, ‘Stueben Yellow Eye’ and ‘G.N. JM 24’.

Key words:

• Phenotypic variation
• Resistance
• Susceptibility
• Genotype x environment interaction

Notes

Published as Paper No. 7891, Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, Research conducted under Project 20–36.