Chromosomal and cytoplasmic effects on uptake and accumulation of iron, phosphorus, and calcium in triticum aestivum L

Abstract

Pot experiments were conducted using two types of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv “Chinese Spring") material: ditelocentric lines and alloplasmic lines with donor cytoplasms from different genera of Aegilops and Triticum to elucidate the genetic control for uptake of Fe, P, and Ca in the grain and straw. The soil used was a leached chernozem fertilizer to reach an optimal P level with 0.2 to 0.3 g P, 0.3 g N, and 0.25 g K kg soil.

The results revealed that a large number of genes control Fe, P, and Ca uptake and distribution in the reproductive and vegetative organs of wheat plants. Most of the 21 chromosomes were involved in the locations of the genes, which differed in the direction and strength of action and their interrelationships in the germplasm. The cytoplasm exerted a definite modifying effect on the uptake of the Fe, P, and Ca. This information sheds new light on the genetic control of plant uptake of mineral elements, especially for some elements known to be antagonistic to each other (Fe, P, and Ca). These results may serve as a theoretical basis for development of desired genotypes for not only soils with adequate nutrients, but also for mineral‐deficient and toxicity‐stressed soils.

Key words:

• Wheat
• Genomes
• Chromosomes
• Cytoplasm
• Chromosome manipulations
• Aneuploidy