Genotypic differences in nitrate uptake and utilization efficiency in pumpkin hybrids¹

Contribution from Hatch Project 65–332, University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station at Urbana‐Champaign, Urbana, IL.

Abstract

The daily and cumulative nitrate (NO₃) uptake was monitored over a 14‐day period, including seedling establishment and early vine extension, in four recently released pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Poir.) hybrids ('698’, ‘401’, ‘424’, ‘190') grown in solution culture with nitrogen (N) supplied at either 1.0 or 10.0 mM NO₃ (Ns). At the end of the time‐course, plants were harvested and assayed for total N, reduced N, and dry weight in roots, stems, and leaves. In each hybrid, NO₃ removal from solution increased curvilinearly as days in the time‐course increased. This pattern was consistent at both 1.0 and 10.0 mM Ns, although the magnitude of solution NO₃ depletion differed depending on hybrid, and in each case, increased as Ns rate increased. Total dry matter production was higher in ‘698’, ‘424’, and ‘190’ at 10.0 mM Ns, but was not affected by N supply in ‘401’. Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE, dry matter produced per unit of plant N) decreased in all hybrids at the high level of Ns. Differences among hybrids for NUE were greater at 1.0 mM than 10.0 mM Ns. At both levels of Ns, the relative ranking of hybrids for root uptake efficiency (mg NO₃‐N absorbed/g root dry weight) differed markedly from that for NUE, indicating that differences in root absorption capacity among hybrids was not the primary factor involved in genotypic differences in NUE. In ‘424’, high NUE values at 10.0 mM Ns were directly related to enhanced N assimilation capacity. In general, genotypic differences in some of the physiological parameters for N uptake and utilization were sufficiently broad to suggest the potential for genetic improvement for NUE in pumpkin hybrids.

Notes

Contribution from Hatch Project 65–332, University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station at Urbana‐Champaign, Urbana, IL.