Technical and Economic Advantages of Producing and Applying Ozone At High Concentration

Abstract

Today ozone can be produced in concentrations up to 3.5 wtJ (12 g/Nm³) in air and 7 wt% (92 g/Nm³) in oxygen with simultaneously low specific energy consumption. The high concentrations improve the transfer efficiency and the reaction kinetics of ozone. This is demonstrated with reference to the design basis of the water treatment plants of Los Angeles, Dordrecht and Jeddah. In all cases the overall costs per kilogram of ozone are minimized by choosing the appropriate ozone concentration between 2 wt% (24 g/Nm³) and 6 wt% (79 g/Nm³).

Key Words:

• Ozone
• Generation
• Oxygen
• Drinking Water Treatment
• Water Reclamation
• Los Angeles
• CA water works
• G.E.B. Dordrecht water works
• Jeddah
• Saudi Arabia water reclamation plant
• prevention of reverse osmosis membrane fouling