Study of Transition States of Melamine for Micromixing with Wax Emulsion+4‐Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate, Estimated with SEM Technique

Densities (ρ/10³kg m⁻³), apparent molar volume (V₂/10⁻⁶m³mol⁻¹), and viscosities (η/0.1 kg m⁻¹s⁻¹) for 5.0 to 60.0 millimol kg⁻¹ (m mol kg⁻¹) 1,3,5 triazine (melamine) at interval of 5.0 m mol kg⁻¹ were determined. The data were regressed and extrapolated to infinite dilution (m→0) and referred to as limiting apparent molal volume (V¯₂ ⁰) and intrinsic viscosity (B) and used to calculate free energy of activation (Δµ₂ ^0*/KJ mol⁻¹). Such functions illustrate feasibility of micromixing of melamine with paraffin wax emulsifier+4‐nonyl phenol ethoxylate, a nonionic surfactant in aqueous solution. The Δµ₂ ^0* decides micromixing of melamine stabilized by poly(acrylic acid) of 4500 g mol⁻¹ molecular weight, known as superabsorber for water. Paraffin wax emulsion was stabilized by a nonyl phenol ethoxylate and wax particles observed to adhere to melamine surface due to interactions between poly(acrylic acid) dispersant and ethoxylate group of surfactant, resulting in sedimentation of mixed particles. Thus V¯₂ ⁰, B, and Δµ₂ ^0* values conclude to ‐NH₂ group interactions for micromixing and scanning electron micrograph (SEM) elucidates microstructure and uniformity of micromixing.

Keywords:

• Molal volume
• intrinsic viscosity
• activation energy
• micromixing
• surfactant
• melamine
• dispersion
• wax
• emulsion
• poly(acrylic acid)
• SEM
• micrograph

Author is highly thankful to Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, for financial support, Dr. Rajbir Singh, JNU for fruitful discussion, Dr. A. P. Raste, Principal, DBC, for infrastructural support and Mr. S. N. Shukla and Dr. H. L. Yadav, DBC, for encouragement and moral support.