Abstract
Highly regiospecific mononitration of phenols and substituted phenols was carried out in TX100-based microemulsion. The use of inexpensive and relatively nontoxic acidic reagent is an advantage of this method. The effect of various parameters such as concentration of NaNO3, temperature, and agitation speed on reaction system have been investigated. Exclusive ortho-selectivity was observed for all the phenols subjected to this protocol.
Acknowledgments
Financial support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. JUSRP20905) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangnan University (No. 20071789 and No. 2008LYY005) is acknowledged.
Notes
a Reaction condition: 0.8 mmol phenol, 1.6 mmol NaNO3, and 0.8 mL dilute hydrochloric acid (10 mol/L) at 40°C. The conversions and selectivities were calculated from GC of the mixture by incorporating an internal standard.
a Reaction condition: 0.8 mmol phenol, 0.8 mL dilute hydrochloric acid (10 mol/L), 8 mL TX100 microemulsion. The conversions and selectivities were calculated from GC of the mixture by incorporating an internal standard.
a Reaction condition: 0.8 mmol phenol, 1.6 mmol NaNO3, 0.8 mL dilute hydrochloric acid (10 mol/L), 8 mL TX100 microemulsion at 40°C. The yields were calculated from GC of the mixture by incorporating an internal standard.