Synthesis and Evaluation of Anionic Copolymeric Surfactant as Dispersing Agent for Some Heterocyclic Azo-Dyes

Abstract

Series of polymeric surfactants based on decylacrylate (M ₁ ) as hydrophobe and oxypropylated maleate (Mm _{2,4,6 and 8} with different molar ratios of propylene oxide) as hydrophiles were prepared by copolymerization in presence of 1mole% azobiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as free radical initiator to afford [PMm₂, PMm₄, PMm₆, and PMm₈] _a–i . The reaction mixtures were followed by sulfation and neutralization to attain [PMmS₂, PMmS₄ PMmS₆, and PMmS₈]_a–i as anionic copolymeric surfactants, in good yield. These derivatives were purified and characterized by microanalysis, infrared, and ¹H-NMR spectra studies. Also, surface activity, dispersing properties, and biodegradability were evaluated. The prepared anionic copolymeric surface active agents revealed good surface activities and high dispersing properties above 70% special for PMms8_d with 8 mole propylene oxide and equal molar ratio from hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers. Also, they are more biodegradable than traditional surfactants.

Keywords:

• Copolymerization
• decylacrylate ester
• dispersing properties
• oxypropylation
• surface activity

The author is currently affiliated with Chemistry Department, Teachers College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah El-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia.

Notes

d*: Optical density.

*Highest dispersability %.