Ultrasound assisted co-precipitation synthesis Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a magnetic adsorbent for Congo red removal

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized by the ultrasound assisted co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by various analytical tools including XRD, FESEM & TEM, VSM, BET, and FTIR. It was indicated that Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles have cubic structure. The size of spherical-shape Fe₃O₄ particles ranges from 10 to 15 nm. The Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles were applied as a magnetic adsorbent to remove Congo red from aqueous solution. It is assumed that the adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics equation. Equilibrium data fits well with Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity is of 169.8 mg/g. This suggests that the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles could be a promising adsorbent for organic dyes removal in aqueous solutions.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles
• Congo red
• magnetic adsorbent

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST) under project number T2021-TĐ-002.