The evaluation of stability and bioactivity of xanthone nanoemulsion

Abstract

The α-mangostin, a lipophilic xanthone derivative, has a low bioavailability. It was, however, isolated from mangosteen rind, which has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Oil in water (O/W) Nanoemulsion as drug delivery can stabilize lipophilic drug into core and increase bioavailability. The α-mangostin nanoemulsion (MN) was formulated with various surfactant (Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 20 and Span 80), co-surfactant (Span 20 and Span 80) and oil (Jojoba oil (JO), as well as evening primrose oil (EO), EMOGREEN^TM19 (E19) and EMOGREEN^TM15 (E15)). It was found that at 7.5–10% by weight of Tween 80 as surfactant was appropriate for MN formulation. The type of oil influenced droplet size and pH value of MN. The result showed that MN droplet size is bigger in vegetable oil than in hydrocarbon oil. However, its pH value is lower in vegetable oil than that in hydrocarbon oil. For three months, all MN droplet sizes were increased. Interestingly, MN using tween 80 as surfactant can provide good stability during that time. Moreover, MN exhibits anti-oxidant (SC₅₀, 23.07 ± 0.84 μg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (IC₅₀, 12.06 ± 0.99 μg/mL) bioactivities.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Emulsion
• nanoemulsion
• xanthone
• α-mangoatin
• bioactivity

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Clone Quality co., Ltd., Innovation and technology assistance program, Graduate College and King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by Clone Quality co., Ltd., Innovation and technology assistance program, Graduate College and King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok.