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Abstract
Cobalt is one of the heavy metals that can enter the environment via refinery wastewater due to its wide use. Various methods have been used to remove it. Recently, electrocoagulation has become one of the methods used in the treatment of wastewater. In this work, the best efficiency was achieved at a potential difference of 30 volts and a time of 60 minutes, with an efficiency of 52%. In the next steps, the experiments were carried out using copper, iron, and zinc nanoparticles, each of which was able to reduce the amount of cobalt by 87%, 73%, and 61%, respectively. The results showed that of the metal oxides used, iron oxide nanoparticles were able to remove the largest amount of cobalt from the wastewater, followed by copper and zinc. Using the statistical method of reaction surface, the optimal operating conditions for cobalt removal were determined and a second-order kinetic model was presented according to the laboratory parameters. The predictions of the statistical model resulting from the experimental design show good agreement with the laboratory data for the removal of cobalt in the present work.
Graphical Abstract
Acknowledgments
Thank the Semnan University of for its financial support of this research (Project number: 1400712573).
Ethical approval
Code of Ethics approval is not required because no human or animal studies have been conducted.
Author contribution
Hossein Abdipour: Revising the manuscript and improve English. Mansour Jahangiri and Hossein Bargahi Nasab drafting the manuscript, acquisition of data, conception and design of study. Farshid Jaberi Ansari and Hossein Jafari Mansoorian analysis and/or interpretation of data, drafting the manuscript.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.