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Abstract
The development of aqueous fire-resistant diesel fuel micro-emulsions has been reported previously. Flammability and ballistic tests reveal diminished mist flammability, and such tests demonstrate rapid self-extinguishment of pool fires even at temperatures above the base fuel flash point. A basic study has been conducted to develop an improved understanding of the mechanisms by which such self-extinction occurs.
An ignition-limits apparatus was developed, utilizing an evacuatable autoclave at one atmosphere. Measurements made with diesel fuel vapors in air, diluted with various amounts of water vapor, established that such mixtures containing more than about 24 mole% water vapor cannot burn. Vapor pressure measurements, made in a modification of the same apparatus, confirmed that diesel fuel systems containing 10 vol% water and 6 vol% surfactant are blanketed by equilibrium vapors containing at least 24 mo lei water for liquid temperatures greater than about 70°C. The flash points of diesel fuel microemulsions containing 10 vol% water are about the same as those of the base fuel when its flash point Is less than about 70°C. When the base fuel flash point exceeds 70°C, no flash point is detectable for the microemulsion.
Notes
Presented at 1983 Fall Meeting, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, 17-18 October 1983