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Abstract
Molecular-level structures of lipids and related organic long-chain compounds were investigated by means of vibrational spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. Various spectroscopic techniques applicable to structural studies of lipid systems were developed. Various types of solid-state phase transformations were found in even- and odd-numbered saturated fatty acids and their molecular mechanisms were considered. Crystal structures of some modifications of a series of cis-mono-unsaturated fatty acids were determined by the three-dimensional X-ray analysis and new types of molecular conformation as well as of subcell arrangement of the cis-mono-unsaturated acyl chains were found. An order-disorder type phase transformation accompanied with a partial melting at the interface of the molecular layers was found in some modifications of cis-mono-unsaturated fatty acids. Molecular conformations and crystal structures of the polymorphs of methyl oleate and triglycerides containing an oleoyl chain at the 2-position were investigated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.