Synthesis, Reactions, and Selected Physico-Chemical Properties of 1,3- and 1,2-tetrachalcogenafulvalenes

Abstract

This review describes the synthesis of 1,3- and 1,2-tetrachalcogenafulvalenes, the chemical transformation of substituents, reactions of the ring system, and the synthesis of polymers with 1,3-tetrathiafulvalene units in the backbone and in the side chain. For selected charge-transfer complexes of tetrachalcogenafulvalenes, the relation between molecular structure and solid-state structure, respectively, and electric conductivity are discussed. Superconducting properties of some charge-transfer complexes with tetrachalcogenafulvalenes as donor are reported.

Preparations of important starting compounds for the synthesis of tetrachalcogenafulvalenes (such as 1,2- and 1,3-dithiole, 1,3-thiaselenole, and 1,3-diselenole derivatives) have been considered in this review.

Selected properties (melting point, UV‐Vis absorption data and oxidation potentials) of 1,2- and 1,3-tetrachalcogenafulvalenes are summarized in appropriate tables.

Key Words:

• Tetrachalcogenafulvalenes
• CT complexes
• TTF
• polymeric TTF