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Original Articles

El sentimiento del inversor y las rentabilidades de las acciones. El caso español

Investor sentiment and stock returns. The Spanish case

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Pages 211-237 | Received 10 May 2011, Accepted 03 Apr 2012, Published online: 15 Jan 2014
 

RESUMEN

El presente trabajo analiza el efecto del sentimiento en las rentabilidades de los activos del mercado español. Los resultados muestran un efecto significativo del índice de sentimiento local sobre las rentabilidades de los activos del propio mercado, tanto sobre el mercado en su conjunto como en carteras de activos más sensibles por su dificultad de valoración o de arbitraje. También se ha mostrado la existencia de un efecto del sentimiento en dos esferas diferentes, una de ámbito más global y otra de ámbito local independiente de la anterior, probablemente ligada a aspectos institucionales o culturales del mercado. Si bien el primero causa al segundo, no se encuentra evidencia de que el mecanismo de transmisión esté relacionado con la actividad real asociada con los flujos de capitales entre mercados. El análisis del efecto del sentimiento durante la última crisis financiera robustece los resultados. No obstante, el sentimiento global absorbe todo el efecto del sentimiento local lo que deja intuir el carácter global de la crisis actual.

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the investor sentiment effect in the Spanish stock returns. The findings show that local sentiment has a significant influence on their own future returns, not only on the market as a whole but also on stocks that are hard to value and more costly and risky to arbitrage. We also find that both global and local sentiment have a significant influence on returns, the latter probably linked to country cultural or institutional characteristics. Although the causality runs from global sentiment to local sentiment, we do not find evidence that private capital flows are one mechanism by which sentiment spreads across markets. The analysis of the sentiment effect during the latest financial crisis increases the robustness of our results. However, global sentiment absorbs the effect of local sentiment, which indicates the global character of the crisis.

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