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Música

El desarrollo de las destrezas musicales: un estudio descriptivo

The development of musical skills

Pages 107-121 | Received 01 Apr 1987, Accepted 01 Nov 1988, Published online: 29 Apr 2014
 

Resumen

Con el fin de hallar la secuencia de desarrollo de las habilidades musicales en niños españoles y contribuir así al diseño de la enseñanza musical, se realizó un estudio descriptivo sobre el desarrollo de las destrezas en discriminación tonal y rítmica, y de las destrezas melódica y harmónica en una muestra de 532 niños de 7 a 14 años. Las destrezas rítmicas son posiblemente las primeras en aparecer y desarrollarse, con un incremento anual del 6 por 100, la discriminación tonal muestra un incremento constante a lo largo de las edades estudiadas, siendo la mayoría de los sujetos capaces de discriminar diferencias de hasta medio tono. Las destrezas melódicas parecen aparecer después, con un incremento del 7,4 por 100 aproximadamente, mientras que la destreza para percibir la harmonía no está establecida hasta la edad de 12 años, mostrando el mayor incremento en el tramo 7–12 años.

Abstract

With the objective of finding out the sequence of development of musical skills in Spanish children and thus aid the planning of musical education, a descriptive study was undertaken. on the development of tonal discrimination and rhythmic, melodic and harmonic skills in a sample of children aged 7–14. Rhythmic skills are probably the first to appear and develop through the child's response to music with scores in the 7–14 age group showing an annual increase of 6%. Tonal discrimination shows steady increase through the ages studied; the majority of the subjects, including more than half the 7 year-olds were abe to discern differences to the extent of half a tone. Melodic skills seem to develop later, with an average annual increase of around 7.4 % and the ability to perceive harmony is not established until the age of 12, showing the greater increase fron 7 to 12 years.

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