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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 40, 2019 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Behind the scene: cognitive benefits of playing a musical instrument. Executive functions, processing speed, fluid intelligence and divided attention / Detrás de la escena: beneficios cognitivos de tocar un instrumento musical. Funciones ejecutivas, velocidad de procesamiento, inteligencia fluida y atención dividida

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Pages 464-490 | Received 31 Jan 2019, Accepted 27 Mar 2019, Published online: 13 May 2019
 

Abstract

The relationship between music training and cognitive performance has been much explored over the last decades. A variety of evidence shows a different neurological and cognitive processing in the population who have undergone instrumental music training compared to people who have not. A review of the literature shows the many advantages in cognitive skills musicians have gained from musical training, such as benefits to their executive functions and other aspects of cognition, in children as well as adults and the elderly. This study investigates in greater depth certain cognitive aspects associated with musical training in the adult population. Specifically, it explores its relationship with inhibition, working memory (verbal and visual-spatial), flexibility, processing speed, fluid intelligence and divided attention. Our results suggest that there is indeed a relationship between musical training and improvements in cognitive performance, both in executive functions and in other areas of cognition.

Resumen

Las relaciones entre el entrenamiento musical y el desempeño cognitivo han sido bastante exploradas durante las últimas décadas. Distinta evidencia muestra un procesamiento neurológico y cognitivo distinto en población con entrenamiento musical instrumental, en comparación a personas que no han tenido este entrenamiento. Se aprecia en la literatura, evidencia de distintas ventajas en habilidades cognitivas para músicos, como funciones ejecutivas y otros aspectos de la cognición, tanto en población infantil, como en adultos y adultos mayores. Este estudio indaga en mayor profundidad en algunos aspectos cognitivos que se asocian al entrenamiento musical para población adulta. Específicamente, explora la relación en inhibición, memoria de trabajo (verbal y viso-espacial), flexibilidad, velocidad de procesamiento, inteligencia fluida y atención dividida. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, efectivamente hay una relación entre el entrenamiento musical y mejoras en el desempeño cognitivo, tanto en funciones ejecutivas como en otros ámbitos de la cognición.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

To music and science. / A la música y la ciencia.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors / Los autores no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

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