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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 31, 2016 - Issue 1
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Research papers / Artículos de investigación

Entrepreneurial intention of engineering students and associated influence of contextual factors / Intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de ingeniería e influencia de factores contextuales

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Pages 75-108 | Received 16 Sep 2014, Accepted 25 Nov 2015, Published online: 05 Nov 2015
 

Abstract

This research explores the incidence of individual and contextual factors on the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students, as they are called to be the founders of new technology-based firms, which are required for the generation of economic growth and employment. A quantitative study comprising 1,004 engineering and architecture students has been conducted, in which both contextual factors (perception of economic-administrative barriers and unemployment rates) and antecedents of entrepreneurial intention from Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour have been examined. Results show that individuals with a high entrepreneurial intention show a favourable attitude towards the behaviour and see themselves capable of undertaking an entrepreneurial behaviour. Perception of social support, although strong, is not such a relevant factor. Regarding contextual factors, these do not discourage individuals with high entrepreneurial intention. Last, the role played by unemployment rates is unclear. Consequently, technical universities and governments, in their social responsibility to foster entrepreneurship in future young professionals, should take these factors into account to promote an encouraging climate for the development of an entrepreneurial spirit.

Resumen

Esta investigación explora la incidencia de factores individuales y contextuales en la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de ingeniería, destinados a fundar las nuevas empresas tecnológicas necesarias para el desarrollo del crecimiento económico y del empleo. Se ha realizado un estudio cuantitativo en el que participaron 1,004 estudiantes de ingeniería y arquitectura, y en el que se analizaron tanto los factores contextuales (percepción de barreras económico-administrativas y de la tasa de desempleo) como los antecedentes de la intención emprendedora de la teoría del comportamiento planificado de Ajzen (TPB). Los resultados revelan que los participantes con mayor nivel de intención emprendedora muestran una actitud favorable respecto del comportamiento emprendedor y se consideran capaces de llevar a cabo dicho comportamiento. La percepción del apoyo social, aunque sea elevada, no es un factor tan relevante. Por lo que respecta los factores contextuales, estos no desalientan a los individuos con altos niveles de intención emprendedora. Por último, el papel que desempeñan los índices de desempleo no está claro. En conclusión, dada su responsabi-lidad en el fomento del espíritu emprendedor de los jóvenes profesionales del futuro, tanto los gobiernos como las universidades técnicas deberían tener en cuenta estos factores para potenciar un clima que incentive el desarrollo del espíritu emprendedor.

Notes

1. In order to facilitate reading the article, the masculine form is used, not necessarily meaning that the subject referred to is masculine.

2. The TEA is defined as the percentage of entrepreneurial initiation activities with respect to the total population between 18 and 64 years old within a country.

1. Para facilitar la lectura del artículo, se utiliza la forma masculina sin que ello implique que el sujeto a quien se refiere sea necesariamente masculino.

2. El TEA se define como el porcentaje de actividades de iniciativa empresarial respecto al total de la población del país de entre 18 y 64 años de edad.

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