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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 35, 2020 - Issue 2
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Research Article

Intention to return of Spanish emigrant population and associated psychosocial factors (Intención de retorno de la población emigrante española y factores psicosociales asociados)

Pages 413-440 | Received 02 Oct 2019, Accepted 10 Dec 2019, Published online: 16 Mar 2020
 

Abstract

This study examines whether social-labour conditions improved for Spanish people after emigrating and if these conditions are similar in Germany and England, as well as psychological adjustment and mental health. It also explores whether there are the factors predicting the intention to return to Spain. The sample consists of 529 Spanish people who emigrated to England (291) or Germany (238) for work reasons. The results indicate that after emigration, their social-labour situation improved, although people who migrated to Germany face greater difficulties. Psychological adjustment and mental health was acceptable and similar in both countries. The intention to return before emigrating and the youngest age of emigrants predict the intention of post-immigration return. In addition, in Germany the return is associated with a negative assessment of the job situation and low identification with Germany, while in England it is associated with a low orientation towards English culture and a high orientation towards Spanish culture.

Resumen

En este trabajo se analiza si tras la emigración las personas españolas han mejorado las condiciones socio-laborales y si estas condiciones son similares en Alemania e Inglaterra, así como el ajuste psicológico y la salud mental. También se exploran cuáles son los factores psicosociales que predicen la intención de retorno a España. La muestra está compuesta por 529 personas españolas que han emigrado recientemente a Inglaterra (291) o Alemania (238). Los resultados indican que tras la migración la situación socio-laboral mejora, aunque las personas emigradas a Alemania encuentran mayores dificultades. El ajuste psicológico y la salud mental es aceptable y similar en ambos países. La intención de retorno antes de emigrar y la menor edad de las personas emigrantes predicen la intención de retorno posmigratoria. Además, en Alemania el retorno está asociado a una valoración negativa de la situación socio-laboral y a la baja identificación con Alemania, mientras que en Inglaterra se asocia con una baja orientación hacia la cultura inglesa y elevada orientación hacia la cultura española.

Disclosure statement / Conflicto de intereses

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. / Los autores no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

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