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Articles

How Can Land Tenure and Cadastral Reform Succeed? An Inter-Regional Comparison of Rural Reforms

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Pages 693-723 | Published online: 24 Feb 2011
 

ABSTRACT

In a synthesis of studies in English, Spanish and French, cadastral reforms in Peru, Colombia, Albania, Hungary, Burkina Faso and Senegal were examined, confirming that rural reforms are successful only if they acknowledge the existence of traditional landholding systems. Comprehensive, well-intentioned measures that are pursued only partially—without commitment from governments to planning and full implementation, and without the necessary support services—generally do not succeed. The studied reforms were successful only in: consolidating and registering customary tenure, and in promoting the conservation of natural resources. They were neither successful in increasing security of tenure; promoting improvements to land; facilitating access to credit, nor creating a viable land market. Mixed results were obtained in reducing land disputes, increasing agricultural production, and reducing fragmented holdings.

RÉSUMÉ

Dans une synthèse des études en Anglais, Espagnol et Français, les réformes cadastrales au Pérou, en Colombie, en Albanie, en Hongrie, au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal ont été étudiées. L'examen confime que ces réformes sont couronnées de succès si elles tiennent compte de l'existence des régimes fonciers existants. Les mesures compréhensives qui sont mises en œvres que partiellement, sans engagements des gouvernements au niveau de la planification et des services, ne survivent point. Les réformes étudiées réussissent à assurer une sécurité acrrue des droits fonciers seulement aux niveaux suivants: (i) La consolidation et l'enregistrement des droits coutumiers (ii) La conservation des ressources naturelles. Elles échouent quant à la sécurité accrue des droits coutumiers, l'amélioration des terries et l'accès au crédit. Les résultats sont mitigés en ce qui concerne la diminution du nombre de conflits fanciers, l'augmentation de la production des terres et la diminution de leur fragmentation.

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