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Articles

Protection or Obstruction? Women and Precarious Work in India

Pages 591-614 | Published online: 15 Feb 2011
 

Abstract

This paper considers how India's economic liberalization under the New Economic Policy (NEP) has affected its labour policies designed to protect women in precarious work. Particular attention is paid to the negative influence the NEP has had on women's empowerment schemes from the 1990s onwards. Although India's GDP has increased exponentially from 267 billion USD in 1991 to 691 billion USD in 2004, women continue to have significantly higher levels of unemployment, illiteracy, and poverty than men. However, it is not solely the NEP that has limited women's protection in the workplace but also the entrenched hierarchical power relations within India's “soft state.”

Résumé

Cet article examine comment, dans le cadre de la nouvelle politique économique (NPE), la libéralisation économique en Inde a pu affecter ses politiques du travail visant à protéger les femmes qui occupent des emplois précaires. Une attention particulière est donnée à l'influence negative que la NPE a eu sur les stratégies de renforcement de l'autonomie des femmes depuis les années 1990. Bien que le produit intérieur brut (PIB) de l'Inde ait connu une croissance exponentielle entre 1991 et 2004, passant de 267 milliards à 691 milliards de dollars américains, les femmes connaissent toujours des niveaux de chômage, d'analphabétisme et de pauvreté significativement plus élevés que les hommes. Toutefois, ce n'est pas seulement la NPE qui a restreint la protection des femmes dans la sphère du travail, mais aussi les relations de pouvoir hiérarchiques bien enracinées qui gouvernent l'Inde considérée comme un « État mou ».

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