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Original Articles

Synecdoche and Allegory in the Filmic Record of the Memory of African Genocide in John le Carré's The Constant Gardener

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Summary

This article shows that the filmic depiction of the death of Tessa Quayle, a social activist portrayed by Rachel Weisz, is a memorialised historical allegory of genocide caused by deliberate and lethal clinical trials of drugs conducted throughout Africa. Although the film is set in Kenya, it tells the real story of the clinical genocide committed in Nigeria. The authors of this article do not delve into the academically naïve question of whether or not the film (released in 2005) is a faithful representation of the 2001 novel, for the discrepancies – whether glaringly obvious or tastefully subtle – follow Fernando Mireilles's style and interpretative variorum as a director who is capable of signature adjustments to the face of death. In this case, the death of one white woman (Tessa Quayle) is a synecdoche of the multitudinous African deaths caused by genocide. It is in this sense that the setting (Kenya and not Nigeria) lends credence to the paradoxical representation of the silent genocide in other parts of Africa, beyond Nigeria, through allegorical memorialisation. The authors conclude that the discovery of Tessa Quayle's death is, therefore, a discovery of continental genocide revealed through allegorical representation.

Opsomming

Hierdie artikel toon dat die rolprentuitbeelding van die dood van Tessa Quayle, 'n sosiale aktivis, vertolk deur Rachel Weisz, 'n herdenkte historiese allegorie is van menseslagting wat voortspruit uit die doelbewuste en dodelike kliniese toetsing van medisyne regdeur Afrika. Alhoewel die rolprent in Kenia afspeel, vertel dit die ware verhaal van die kliniese menseslagting wat in Nigerië gepleeg word. Die outeurs van hierdie artikel delf nie in die akademiese naïewe vraag of die rolprent (wat in 2005 vrygestel is) 'n getroue weergawe is van die 2001-roman nie, want die teen-strydighede – hetsy so duidelik soos daglig of artistiek subtiel – volg Fernando Mireilles se styl en interpretatiewe variorum as 'n rolprentregisseur wat in staat is om kenmerkende aanpassings aan die aangesig van die dood aan te bring. In hierdie geval is die dood van een wit vrou (Tessa Quayle) 'n sinekdogee van die talryke sterftes in Afrika as gevolg van menseslagting. Dit is in hierdie sin dat die ruimte waar dit afspeel (Kenia en nie Nigerië nie) deur middel van allegoriese herdenking geloofwaardigheid gee aan die paradoksale uitbeelding van die stille menseslagting in ander dele van Afrika – buite Nigerië. Die outeurs kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die ontdekking van Tessa Quayle se dood dus 'n ontdekking is van menseslagting op die kontinent wat aan die hand van allegoriese uitbeelding aan die lig gebring word.

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