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Original Articles

Dressing the Cuts of the Past, Seaming a Glocal Future in Louise Erdrich’s Tracks and Zakes Mda’s The Heart of Redness

 

Summary

This article focuses on two contemporary novels, Louise Erdrich's Tracks and Zakes Mda’s The Heart of Redness, which revolve around the ways in which two indigenous communities, the Chippewa of North Dakota, America, and the Xhosa of the Eastern Cape in South Africa, try to cope with the devastating effects of colonial invasion and exploitation of their lands and culture, and to maintain a sense of bioregional history and identity, while anticipating a future of fruitful interaction with global society. Both novels demonstrate the entwinement and interdependence of these native tribes and the specific natural environment they inhabit, both in the economic and spiritual sense, and underscore the importance of a sustainable relationship of communities with their local environment for a healthy and peaceful engagement among themselves and with the rest of the world. Various characters with shamanic features play a significant role in combining tribal lore with the emergent configurations of existence, especially in their capacity to integrate the material and the spiritual, the animate and the inanimate, as well as the past, the present, and the future. While exploring the links between shamanism and environmental consciousness in a global context, as implied by the two novels, this article will avoid homogenising shamanism into a conceptual category or flattening its contextuality.

Opsomming

Hierdie artikel fokus op twee eietydse romans, naamlik Tracks deur Louise Erdrich en The Heart of Redness deur Zakes Mda. Dié romans handel oor twee inheemse gemeenskappe, die Chippewa in Noord-Dakota, Amerika, en die Xhosas in die Oos-Kaap, Suid-Afrika, en hulle pogings om sin te maak van die verwoestende gevolge van koloniale indringing en die gepaardgaande uitbuiting van hul grond en kultuur. Terselfdetyd probeer die Chippewa- en Xhosa-gemeenskappe om hul eie streeks-geskiedenis en identiteit te bewaar, terwyl hulle ’n vrugbare en vreedsame wissel-werking met die res van die wêreld in die vooruitsig stel. Beide romans wys op die verweefdheid van hierdie inheemse stamme met die bepaalde natuurlike omgewings waarin hulle hul bevind, op sowel geestelike as ekonomiese gebied, en die onderlinge afhanklikheid wat daar tussen dié stamme en hulle omgewings bestaan. Verskeie karakters met sjamanistiese trekke speel ’n belangrike rol in die kombinering van die stamme se geskiedenis en verhale met nuwe bestaans-konfigurasies, veral vanweë hul vermoë om die materiële en geestelike, lewende en nie-lewende, en verlede, hede en toekoms te integreer. Die artikel ondersoek derhalwe die verbande tussen sjamanisme en ’n globale omgewingsbewussyn, soos deur die twee romans ge-suggereer. Sjamanisme word egter nie in hierdie artikel binne ’n enkele konseptuele kategorie gehomogeniseer nie, en die konteksgebondenheid van sjamanisme word nie gering geskat nie.

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