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Abstract
In this paper the thesis is advanced that the controversy between Malthus and Marx is still evident in demographic theory nowadays and helped immensely to improtle our understanding of population trends. This controversy resulted in Malthusian, neo-Malthusian, contra-Malthusian and non-Malthusian approaches pertaining to the structuring of social structures for the future. It is suggested that in the light of the theoretical and practical implications associated with these models thry should be used complementan1y rather than as substitutes for each other in our reflection on the future structures of societies around the globe.