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Original Articles

Analysis of the temporal variability of runoff in Ivory Coast: statistical approach and phenomena characterization

Analyse de la variabilité temporelle des écoulements en Côte d'Ivoire: approche statistique et caractérisation des phénomènes

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Pages 959-970 | Received 03 Jan 1996, Accepted 13 May 1996, Published online: 24 Dec 2009
 

Abstract

The runoffs at four Ivory Coast hydrometric stations (monitoring flows from an area covering between 5930 and 66500 km2) were analysed with a set of statistical methods for the detection of breaks in the time series. The variables studied were the annual mean discharge and some characteristic discharges. From a quantitative standpoint, the existence of a clear break in the series of annual mean discharges at the beginning of the decade from 1970, the date from which the runoffs decrease significantly, was noted. A more qualitative study of the results showed that low flows were more affected than high flows by this variability of the regime. This fluctuation appears to be in accord with the drought phenomena observed during the same period in the Sahel, to the north of Ivory Coast.

Résumé

Les écoulements de quatre stations hydrométriques de Côte d'Ivoire (superficies comprise entres 5930 et 66500 km2) ont été analysés à l'aide d'un ensemble de méthodes statistiques de détection de ruptures dans les séries chronologiques. Les variables étudiées sont les modules et différents types de débits caractéristiques. D'un point de vue quantitatif, on note l'existence d'une rupture nette dans les séries de modules au début de la décennie 1970, date à partir de laquelle les écoulements diminuent sensiblement. Un examen plus qualitatif des résultats montre que les basses eaux sont plus affectées que les hautes eaux par cette variabilité du régime. Cette fluctuation apparaît comme étant en phase avec les phénomènes de sécheresse observés à la même époque plus au nord, au Sahel.

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