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Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 25, 2007 - Issue 13
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Paper

Stressors, coping, and coping effectiveness: Gender, type of sport, and skill differences

Adam R. Nicholls Department of Psychology, University of Hull, HullCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Remco Polman Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull
,
Andrew R. Levy Department of Sport Science, University of Leeds, Leeds
,
Jamie Taylor Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston
&
Stephen Cobley Carnegie Research Institute, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK
Pages 1521-1530 | Accepted 19 Jan 2007, Published online: 21 Sep 2007
 
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine stressors, coping, and coping effectiveness as a function of gender, type of sport, and skill. The sample consisted of 749 undergraduate athletes (455 males, 294 females) aged 18 – 38 years (mean = 19.8 years). Skill was classified as international/national, county, university, and club standard. Participants completed a stressor and coping concept map (Novak & Gowin, Citation1984). The results revealed gender, type of sport, and skill differences in relation to stressor frequencies, coping strategy deployment, and coping effectiveness. In contrast to previous research, females used a variety of problem-focused (e.g. planning, communication, technique-orientated coping) strategies more frequently than males. Team sport athletes reported a variety of sport-specific stressors relating to the demands of playing in a team environment. The group of national/international athletes reported using more planning, blocking, and visualization, and also reported that their coping was more effective than that of less-skilled athletes.

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