When modularization fails to occur: A developmental perspective

Abstract

We argue that models of adult cognition defined in terms of independently functioning modules cannot be applied to development, whether typical or atypical. The infant brain starts out highly interconnected, and it is only over developmental time that neural networks become increasingly specialized—that is, relatively modularized. In the case of atypical development, even when behavioural scores fall within the normal range, they are frequently underpinned by different cognitive and neural processes. In other words, in neurodevelopmental disorders the gradual process of relative modularization may fail to occur.

Keywords:

• Modularity
• Child development
• Developmental disorders
• Developing brain
• Neonate start state
• Adult neuropsychology

Notes

¹ WS is a rare genetic syndrome caused by a hemizygous microdeletion on chromosome 7q23.11 of some 26–28 genes (Donnai & Karmiloff-Smith, 2000).