‘The’ key 2024 election involving climate change and the energy transition: Biden vs Trump 2.0 and the matter of global trust in the US

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Notes

1 Justin Worland, ‘Inside Fatih Birol’s Push to Transform the IEA into a Clean Energy Authority’ Time (23 February 2024) <https://time.com/6768028/fatih-birol-transform-iea-clean-energy/> accessed 25 March 2024

2 Ibid

3 At the time of writing in early April 2024, Trump has won the Republican nomination for president and, in a repeat of the November 2020 election, leads the likely Democratic nominee incumbent Joe Biden in many early polls (eg Shane Goldmacher ‘Voters Doubt Biden’s Leadership and Favor Trump, Times/Siena Poll Finds’ The New York Times (2 March 2024) <www.nytimes.com/2024/03/02/us/politics/biden-trump-times-siena-poll.html>

4 Hannah Northey, ‘Political Changes Can’t Derail Clean Energy Shift, IEA Head Says’ GreenWire (14 February 2024)

5 Smriti Mallapaty and others, ‘2024: A Climate Super-Election Year’ (5 March 2024) 627 Nature <www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00642-3>

6 Ibid

7 Ibid

8 ‘Final Rule: Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards for Model Years 2027 and Later Light-Duty and Medium Duty Vehicles, 20 March 2024’ <www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/final-rule-multi-pollutant-emissions-standards-model>; full text of rule <www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-03/lmdv-veh-standrds-ghg-emission-frm-2024-03.pdf>

9 Robin Bravender, Jean Chemnick, and Mike Lee, ‘Biden Hits Accelerator on Car Rules as Foes Plot Roadblocks’ GreenWire (20 March 2024)

10 ‘EPA Inks “Single Most Important Climate Regulation in the History of the Country”’ Forbes (20 March 2024) <https://fortune.com/2024/03/20/epa-climate-rule-biden-emisions-curb-limit-electric-vehicles/>

11 Coral Davenport, ‘Biden Administration Announces Rule Aimed at Expanding Electric Vehicles’ The New York Times (20 March 2024), updated 22 March 2024

12 EPA, ‘What They Are Saying’ (20 March 2024) <www.epa.gov/newsreleases/what-they-are-saying-strongest-ever-pollution-standards-cars-will-reduce-pollution#:~:text=Today's%20action%20will%20cut%20over,clean%20cars%20will%20save%20kids>

13 ‘Ranking Member Capito Statement on EPA’s Electric Vehicles Mandate’ (20 March 2024) <www.capito.senate.gov/news/press-releases/ranking-member-capito-statement-on-epas-electric-vehicles-mandate>

14 ‘Joint Statement of the Minerals Security Partnership’ <www.state.gov/joint-statement-of-the-minerals-security-partnership/>

15 Alan Rappeport, ‘US Looks to Allay European Fears of a Subsidy War’ The New York Times (31 October 2023) <www.nytimes.com/2023/10/31/us/politics/us-europe-subsidies.html>

16 Ibid

17 Trevor Higgins, Rachel Chang and Devon Lespier, ‘The Biden Administration Has Taken More Climate Action than any Other in History’ Center for American Progress (6 March 2024) <www.americanprogress.org/article/the-biden-administration-has-taken-more-climate-action-than-any-other-in-history/>

18 However, it is worth noting that in December 2009 Trump co-signed an ad in The New York Times that urged President Barack Obama to strengthen US measures aimed at addressing climate change. ‘An ad Trump Signed Supporting Action on Climate Change’ The New York Times (3 June 2017) <www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/03/us/politics/document-Nyt-Ad-Re-Climate-Change-Trump-Signer.html>

19 Emma Dumain and Timothy Cama, ‘Trump vs. an Emerging Republican Climate Strategy’ Politico (21 February 2024) <www.politico.com/news/2024/02/20/more-republicans-now-want-climate-action-but-trump-could-derail-everything-00142313>

20 Ibid

21 Ibid

22 Oliver Milman, ‘Climate Crisis Ignored by Republicans as Trump Vows to “Drill, Baby, Drill”’ The Guardian (18 January 2024) <www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/18/trump-republican-rivals-climate-crisis>

23 <www.project2025.org/>

24 <https://thf-reports.s3.amazonaws.com/Proj2025/2025_MandateForLeadership_TEXT.pdf>

25 Scott Waldman, ‘Conservatives Have Already Written a Climate Plan for Trump’s Second Term’ ClimateWire (26 July 2023)

26 ‘Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise’ (July 2023), p 709 <https://thf-reports.s3.amazonaws.com/Proj2025/2025_MandateForLeadership_TEXT.pdf>

27 Ibid at 365

28 Ibid

29 Waldman (n 25)

30 Mallapaty and others (n 5)

31 Ibid

32 Matt Egan, ‘Red States Are Big Winners of Biden’s Landmark Laws’ CNN (14 February 2024) <www.cnn.com/2024/02/14/business/manufacturing-jobs-biden/index.html>

33 Avi Salzman, ‘Trump Is Taking Aim at Biden’s Climate Law. Which Stocks Could Dodge the Bullet’ Barron’s (1 April 2024) <www.barrons.com/articles/trump-climate-repeal-stocks-8507e68c>

34 Gallup, ‘Most Important Problem’ <https://news.gallup.com/poll/1675/Most-Important-Problem.aspx>

35 Matt Burgess, ‘Climate Change Matters to More and More People – and Could Be a Deciding Factor in the 2024 Election’ The Conversation (12 March 2024) <https://theconversation.com/climate-change-matters-to-more-and-more-people-and-could-be-a-deciding-factor-in-the-2024-election-222680>

36 Juliet Eilperin, Brady Dennis and John Muyskens, ‘Trump Rolled Back More than 125 Environmental Safeguards. Here’s How’ The Washington Post (30 October 2020)

37 Maroosha Muzaffar, ‘Trump Repeatedly Denies Climate Science and Says “We Shouldn’t Be Worried about Global Warming”’ The Independent (6 December 2023) <www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/donald-trump-climate-change-global-warming-b2459167.html>

38 See <www.ibanet.org/IBA-Climate-Registry>

39 See <www.ibanet.org/conference-details/CONF2526>