Effects of mono- and dialkylglucosides on the characterisation and blood circulation of lipid nanoemulsions

Abstract

Aim: Effects of two cosurfactants, n-alkylglycosides with mono- or disaccharide groups – N-nonyl β-D-glucopyranoside (N-Glu) and N-decyl β-D-maltoside (D-Mal) – were studied to the stability in saline solution, interaction with serum albumin, and blood circulation of the lipid nanoemulsion (LNE).

Methods: The LNEs composed of soybean oil, phosphatidylcholine, and sodium palmitate were prepared without (Control-LNE) and with N-Glu or D-Mal (NG-LNE and DM-LNE, respectively).

Results: In saline solution, NG-LNE exhibited a smaller droplet size than Control-LNE, while the size of DM-LNE was significantly increased compared with the other LNEs. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer method showed that the order of albumin interaction was DM-LNE > NG-LNE > Control-LNE. In vivo blood circulation in mice, showed greater fractions of both NG-LNE and DM-LNE remaining in blood over time compared with Control-LNE.

Conclusions: The nature of high stability in saline solution and high affinity for serum albumin led to the prolonged circulation of LNE.

Keywords:

• n-Alkylglycoside
• lipid nanoemulsion
• particle characterisation
• albumin interaction
• blood circulation

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was partly supported by a subsidy of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-Supported Programme for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities, 2013–2018.