Development and formulation of antidiabetic property of Anarcadium occidantale-based solid lipid microparticles

Abstract

Anacardium occidentale (AO) possesses potent anti-diabetic properties, owing to its high phytochemicals content. This study attempted to maximise the efficacy of AO by encapsulating it in a solid lipid microparticle (SLMs) formulation. Leaves of AO were extracted with water and formulated into SLMs using a lipid matrix composed of P90H and Dika fat. Characterisation of the SLMs include morphology, particle size, pH, encapsulation efficiency percentage, in vitro release and anti-diabetic properties. SLMs were spherical with sizes ranging from 16.7 ± 0.8 µm to 40.12 ± 2.34 µm and had a fairly stable pH over time. Highest drug entrapment was 87%_. Batch A₂ exhibited an even release of 89%, sustained over time, and a mean percentage reduction in glucose of 25.9% at 12 h after oral administration to study animals. Anacardium occidentale-loaded SLMs exhibited a good hypoglycaemic effect and can be used in the management of diabetes.

Keywords:

• Anacardium occidentale
• hyperglycaemia
• Irvingia gabonesis
• phytomedicine
• solid lipid microparticles
• diabetes

Author contributions

Calister E. Ugwu and Kingsley C Eze: Conceived and designed the experiments; Analysed and interpreted the data; Contributed reagents, materials, analysis tools or data; Wrote the paper. Fimba S. Odo: Perfomed the experiments. George C. Njoku: Analysed and interpreted data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).