V. What Equipment Should be Provided?

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Notes

1 Leroy Thomson, The Sten Gun (Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2012), p. 73.

2 Ben Kesling, ‘Powerful Antitank Missiles Put U.S. Forces in Middle East at Risk’, Wall Street Journal, 2 January 2019.

3 AFP, ‘Isis Captured 2,300 Humvee Armoured Vehicles from Iraqi Forces in Mosul’, The Guardian, 1 June 2015.

4 Sean Naylor, ‘The Islamic State’s Best Weapon Was Born in the USA’, Foreign Policy, 4 June 2015.

5 T E Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom (Ware: Wordsworth Editions, 1997), p. 78.

6 Jeapes, SAS Secret War, pp. 99–100.

7 Katherine Bauer, Hanin Ghaddar and Assaf Orion, ‘Iran’s Precision Missile Project Moves To Lebanon’, Policy Note 54, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2018, pp. 2–3.

8 Matthew Levitt, ‘Hezbollah’s Procurement Channels: Leveraging Criminal Networks and Partnering with Iran’, CTC Sentinel (Vol. 12, No. 3, 2019), pp. 1–9.

9 US officers would negotiate with and work alongside Badr, unlike other Iranian allies in Iraq, precisely because there was room for discussion.

10 Peter Walker, ‘UK Sends Machine Guns to Help Iraqi Forces Fight Islamic State’, The Guardian, 9 September 2014.

11 Michael Gordon, ‘Kurds in Iraq Face Fast and Erratic Threat in ISIS Suicide Drivers’, New York Times, 14 November 2015.

12 Press Association, ‘British Soldiers are Training Peshmerga Forces in Iraq, Says MoD’, The Guardian, 12 October 2014.

13 Ben Farmer, ‘Kurdish Fighters Battling Isil say British Guns are Useless “Pieces of Metal”’, Daily Telegraph, 17 May 2016.

14 A problem that goes back to the early days of covert train and equip activities. See Max Hastings, Vietnam: An Epic Tragedy, 1945–1975 (London: Harper Collins, 2018), pp. 9–11.

15 Mario Fumerton and Wladimir van Wilgenburg, ‘Kurdistan’s Political Armies: The Challenge of Unifying the Peshmerga Forces’, Regional Insight, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 16 December 2015.

16 Christopher Durugbo, ‘After-Sales Services and Aftermarket Support: A Systematic Review, Theory and Future Research Directions’, International Journal of Production Research (Vol. 58, No. 6, 2020), pp. 1857–92.

17 Jacob Hedenskog, ‘Russia is Stepping up its Military Cooperation in Africa’, FOI Memo No. 6604, 2018.

18 Steven A Cook, ‘Neither Friend nor Foe: The Future of US-Turkey Relations’, Council Special Report No. 82, Council on Foreign Relations, November 2018.

19 Sharon Weinberger, ‘China Has Already Won the Drone Wars’, Foreign Policy, 10 May 2018.

20 Merat, ‘“The Saudis Couldn’t Do it Without Us”’.

21 Mary Darwich, ‘The Saudi Intervention in Yemen: Struggling for Status’, Insight Turkey (Vol. 20, No. 2, 2018), pp. 125–42.

22 Marvin Weinbaum, ‘War and Peace in Afghanistan: The Pakistani Role’, Middle East Journal (Vol. 45, No. 1, 1991), pp. 71–85.

23 Shaun Gregory, ‘The ISI and the War on Terrorism’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism (Vol. 30, No. 12, 2007), pp. 1013–31.

24 Coll, Ghost Wars, pp. 1–3.

25 International Crisis Group, ‘Yemen’s Military-Security Reform: Seeds of New Conflict?’, Crisis Group Middle East Report, No. 139, April 2013, p. 7.

26 Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘Large Arms Shipment Reaches Syrian Rebels: Opposition’, Reuters, 25 August 2013.

27 Kylie MacLellan, ‘Britain Gifts Ukrainian Army Non-Lethal Military Equipment’, Reuters, 6 March 2015.

28 Lawrence Walsh, Firewall: The Iran–Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up (New York, NY: W W Norton, 1998).

29 Bergman, The Secret War with Iran, pp. 40–48.

30 Ibid., pp. 110–30.