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Abstract
This paper describes two new Gomphonema species from the southern Sichuan Province, China, and shows their valve morphology using light and scanning electron microscopy. The two species, Gomphonema sichuanensis sp. nov. and G. heilongtanensis sp. nov., were found in Lake Dashuicao and Lake Heilongtan. Main features of G. sichuanensis are clavate valves, broadly rounded headpole, narrowly rounded footpole, narrow axial area, indistinct central area, undulate and distinctly lateral raphe, clearly separated stigma from stria, and slightly radiate striae. Main features of G. heilongtanesis are clavate valves with wedge-shaped, acutely rounded headpole and narrowly rounded footpole, narrow axial area, small rounded central area, and parallel striae in the valve center becoming slightly radiate towards the apices. Despite a long history of research on freshwater diatoms in China, there is still much work to do to document the flora of this large and geographically complex country.