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Abstract
The history of the genus Cymbella C. Agardh and its typification were clarified some 20 years ago, with still some concerns on the validity and identity of some of the species involved. Different specimens have been referred to under the name C. lanceolata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, even if its basionym is Pinnularia appendiculata (C. Agardh) Schaarschmidt. Therefore, the epithet lanceolata kept on being misapplied to species in the genus Cymbella. The typification history of Cymbella confirms C. cymbiformis C. Agardh as typus conservandus. The binomial C. cornuta (Ehrenberg) R. Ross, considered as conspecific with C. lanceolatum sensu Ehrenberg, is maintained as an independent species and lectotypified. Considering that C. lanceolata sensu Krammer is distinct from C. lanceolata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, which is accepted as a homotypic synonym of Frustulia lanceolata C. Agardh, a new species C. neolanceolata W. Silva is proposed to accommodate the Krammer material. A new nomenclatural combination C. neolanceolata var. bottnica (basyonim C. lanceolata var. bottnica Krammer) is also made.
Acknowledgements
We are sincerely grateful to Lacê Medeiros Breyer (UnB) and John McNeill for their contributions, and David Lazarus and Regine Jahn for their assistance with the Ehrenberg collection. The first author thanks CAPES for funding an MSc grant and DAAD/CAPES/CNPq for funding a sandwich doctorate grant.