Kinematic Constraints Associated With the Acquisition of Overarm Throwing Part I

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine differences within specific kinematic variables and ball velocity associated with developmental component levels of step and trunk action (Roberton & Halverson, 1984), and (b) if the differences in kinematic variables were significantly associated with the differences in component levels, determine potential kinematic constraints associated with skilled throwing acquisition. Results indicated stride length (69.3%) and time from stride foot contact to ball release (39.7%) provided substantial contributions to ball velocity (p < .001). All trunk kinematic measures increased significantly with increasing component levels (p < .001). Results suggest that trunk linear and rotational velocities, degree of trunk tilt, time from stride foot contact to ball release, and ball velocity represented potential control parameters and, therefore, constraints on overarm throwing acquisition.

Key words:

• biomechanics
• kinematics
• motor development
• movement components

Additional information

Notes on contributors

David F. Stodden

Please address all correspondence concerning this article to David F. Stodden, Division of Kinesiology, 214 Eppler South, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403.