Effects of Isometric Strength and Plyometric Training on Running Performance: A Randomized Controlled Study

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of isometric strength (IST) and plyometric training (PT) on endurance running performance. Methods: Twenty-six endurance runners (18 males and 8 females; age 36 ± 6 years, stature 1.69 ± 0.05 m body mass 61.6 ± 8.0 kg, VO_2max 50.4 ± 5.8 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) completed the countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), 2.4 km run time trial (2.4kmTT), running economy test (RE) and a graded exercise test measures at baseline. They were then randomly assigned to three groups, the control (CON), PT or IST group, and completed the circuit, plyometric or isometric training, respectively, twice a week for 6 weeks, while still continuing to perform their planned running training. They then completed the same set of measures performed at baseline post-intervention. Results: Significant time x group interactions and time main effect were observed for 2.4kmTT (P = .002, ƞ²_p = .45 and P < .001, ƞ² =0.72), maximal aerobic speed (MAS) (P = .006, ƞ²_p = .39), CMJ height (P < .001, ƞ²_p = .55) and IMTP relative peak force (P = .001, ƞ²_p = .50) in favor of PT and IST. Significant main effect for time was observed for 2.4kmTT (P < .001, ƞ²_p = .72), RE (P = .048, ƞ²_p = .17), VO_2max (P = .047, ƞ²_p = .18), MAS (P < .001, ƞ²_p = .63), CMJ height (P < .001, ƞ²_p = .51) and IMTP relative peak force (P < .001, ƞ²_p = .58). Conclusion: In conclusion, both PT and IST were similarly effective at enhancing running endurance performance. However, IST resulted in greater improvement to RE.

KEYWORDS:

• Countermovement jump
• isometric mid-thigh pull
• maximal aerobic speed
• running economy

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the participants for their participation and commitment to the study. The authors declare that the experiments comply with the current laws of Singapore, the country in which the study was performed. No external funding was received for this work.

Authors’ contribution

DL, TMB and GB conceived and designed research. DL and ARA conducted experiments. DL analyzed data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read, edited and approved the manuscript

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.