Aerobic Exercise Training Effects on Omentin-1, Insulin Resistance, and Lipid Profile Among Male Smokers

ABSTRACT

Background: Omentin-1 is a circulating adipokine that can serve as a biomarker for assessment of metabolic risk factors. We investigated the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise training on serum omentin-1, insulin resistance and lipid profile in nonsmokers and smokers. Methods: Nineteen male nonsmokers (aged 27.88 ± 2.47 years, and with BMI of 22.69 ± 1.77 kg.m⁻²) and twenty male smokers (aged 30.11 ± 1.96 years, and with BMI of 23.12 ± 1.91 kg.m⁻²) were randomly assigned into nonsmokers control group (C), nonsmokers exercise group (E), control smoker group (CS), and exercise smoker group (ES). Exercise groups participated in an eight-week aerobic exercise training program (three times a week, 20–35 min per session at 55%-70% of maximum heart rate). Serum omentin-1 and insulin values were determined by ELISA. The Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose level and lipid profile were measured before and after the intervention. Pearson correlation test, Eta test, paired samples t-test, one and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey test were applied for data analysis (p < .05). Results: Aerobic exercise improved both serum omentin-1 and high lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the exercise groups (P < .05). Also, exercise training reduced insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p < .05). Omentin-1 was significantly correlated with glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C in both nonsmokers and smokers. Conclusions: The findings suggest that aerobic exercise-induced changes in omentin-1 in the exercise-trained groups may be associated with the beneficial effects of exercise on reduced insulin resistance and lipid profile.

KEYWORDS:

• Aerobic exercise
• insulin resistance
• lipid profile
• Omentin-1

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank participants in this study and the Research Deputy of the University for his kind help and cooperation.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Ethical approval

The experimental protocol was in accordance with institutional guidelines and approved by the Ethics Committee of the University. All participants signed voluntary consent forms prior to research commencement.

Availability of data and materials

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

Additional information

Funding

This research received no specific grants from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.