Participation of p38 MAP Kinase, but Not p44/42 MAP Kinase, in Stimulation of Corneal Epithelial Migration by Substance P and IGF-1

Abstract

Purpose: Substance P and insulin-like growth factor–1 (IGF-1) synergistically promote corneal epithelial migration both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of this action was investigated. Methods: The effects of various inhibitors and activators of intracellular signaling pathways on corneal epithelial migration were examined by measuring the length of the migration path in rabbit corneal blocks in culture. Results: Inhibitors of signaling by p38 or p44/42 isoforms of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase or of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase reduced the extent of spontaneous migration of the corneal epithelium, whereas modulators of signaling by cyclic AMP– or cyclic GMP–dependent protein kinases had no effect. The inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase and of PI 3-kinase also abolished the stimulatory effect of substance P and IGF-1 on epithelial migration, whereas inhibitors of signaling by p44/42 MAP kinase or modulators of cyclic nucleotide–dependent signaling did not. Conclusions: These results suggest that various signal transduction systems participate in spontaneous corneal epithelial migration as well as in the combined effect of substance P and IGF-1 on this process. In particular, although both p38 and p44/42 isoforms of MAP kinase appear to regulate spontaneous corneal epithelial migration, the stimulatory effect of substance P and IGF-1 appears to be mediated by p38 MAP kinase but not by p44/42 MAP kinase.

KEYWORDS:

• cell migration
• corneal epithelium
• corneal organ culture
• corneal wound healing
• signal transduction