Relative Peripheral Myopia Induced by Fractal Contact Lenses

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To assess the peripheral refraction induced by Fractal Contact Lenses (FCLs) in myopic eyes by means of a two-dimensional Relative Peripheral Refractive Error (RPRE) map.

Materials and Methods

This study involved 26 myopic subjects ranging from −0.50 D to −7.00 D. FCLs prototypes were custom-manufactured and characterized. Corneal topographies were taken in order to assess correlations between corneal asphericity and lens decentration. Two-dimensional RPREs were measured with an open-field autorefractor at 67 points, covering the central 60 × 30 degrees of the visual field. The bidimensional RPRE vector components: M, J₀ and J₄₅ of the difference between the values obtained with and without the FCLs in the eye were obtained. Additionally, the FCL-induced peripheral refraction in tangential and sagittal planes was computed along the horizontal meridian.

Results

Induced by the FCLs, significant differences for all vector components were found in the peripheral retina. FCLs were decentered a mean of 0.7 ± 0.19 mm to the temporal cornea. The two-dimensional RPRE maps manifested the FCLs decentration. In particular, M varied asymmetrically between nasal and temporal retina after fitting the FCLs with a significant increment of the myopic shift beyond 10º (p < 0.05). No correlations were found between the amount of lens decentration and the asphericity of the cornea along temporal and nasal sides. However, significant correlations were found between the corneal asphericity and vector components of the RPRE in naked eyes. FCLs produced an increasing myopic shift in tangential and sagittal power errors along the horizontal meridian.

Conclusions

As predicted by ray-tracing simulations, FCLs fitted in myopic eyes produce a myopic shift of the RPRE. The two-dimensional RPRE maps show information about the lens performance that is hidden in the conventional one-dimensional meridional representations.

KEYWORDS:

• Myopia progression
• contact lenses
• fractal
• peripheral refractive error
• two-dimensional maps

Declaration of interests

M. Rodríguez-Vallejo, J. A. Monsoriu and W. D. Furlan are inventors: ES Patent P201330862, relating to contact lens design: assigned to Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Universitat de Valéncia.

D. Montagud and V. Ferrando report no conflicts of interest.

The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Additional information

Funding

This work was founded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad FEDER (Grant DPI2015-71256-R), and by Generalitat Valenciana (Grant PROMETEOII-2014-072), Spain.