https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-4513
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ABSTRACT
Oil activity has generated severe problems of soil contamination. Different techniques have been employed for the removal of pollutants, which are mainly used separately as treatments, but if combined, removal could be improved. The aim of this study was to remove total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from soil artificially contaminated with crude oil using Fenton oxidation followed by biostimulation with nutrients and oil palm bagasse (OPB) used as an amendment. Microcosm units of soil with hydrocarbons were treated with H2O2 and Fe citrate at 30% humidity and 25 °C. Samples were taken at 0, 10, and 30 days. Each unit was then adjusted to a C:N:P ratio of 100:10:1, which is considered optimal for remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, and mixed with OPB at a ratio of 96:4, 30% humidity, and 25 °C. Samples were taken at 0, 10, 30, and 40 days. Physicochemical parameters, TPH, microbial population, and lipase and dehydrogenase activity were monitored. Slight TPH removal (20.3%), a decrease in enzymatic activities, and a reduction in bacterial population were observed with Fenton oxidation. In the case of the biostimulation-amendment treatment, TPH removal was of 55%, with an increase in enzymatic activities and microbial population.
Acknowledgements
To the Faculty of Chemical Science campus Coatzacoalcos for the institutional support, and to Master Erick Alejandro Collado Solar, for his technical assistance.
Disclosure statement
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Notes on contributors
O. Guzmán-López
Oswaldo Guzmán-López, PhD and Master’s degree in Biotechnology at Autonomous Metropolitan University, Iztapalapa campus. Full-professor C at the Faculty of Chemical Sciences of the University of Veracruz campus Coatzacoalcos. http://www.uv.mx/coatza/cq
M. del C. Cuevas-Díaz
María del Carmen Cuevas Díaz. Doctoral Degree in Sciences in Ecology and Biotechnology from the Institute of Biotechnology and Ecology of the University of Veracruz. Masters in Environmental Engineering from the Engineering Institute at University of Veracruz. BA in Pharmaceutic Chemistry Biologist at La Salle University. Full-professor C at the Faculty of Chemical Sciences of the University of Veracruz campus Coatzacoalcos since 1978. http://www.uv.mx/coatza/cq
A. Martínez Toledo
Angeles Martinez-Toledo, PhD. Postdoctoral Stay in the Environmental Toxicology Department and in Applied Research Center in Environment and Health at the Coordination for Innovation and Application of the Science and Technology of the Medical School at Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi. Doctoral Degree in Science with Specialty in Biotechnology from the Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department of Research and Advanced Studies Center at The National Polytechnic Institute. Masters in Science with Specialty in Environmental Engineering from the Postgraduate and Research Area at Engineering and Architecture Superior School at The National Polytechnic Institute. BA in Petroleum Chemical Engineering from Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries Superior School at The National Polytechnic Institute. Professor at the Engineering School, Chemical Sciences School, and Nursing School at Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi since 2008. Associate Researcher in the Applied Research Center in Environment and Health since 2017. http://www.ciacyt.uaslp.mx/Ciaas.aspx
M. E. Contreras-Morales
Miriam Eloisa Contreras Morales, chemical laboratory technician. BA in Biotechnology Engineering from the Faculty of Chemical Sciences of the University of Veracruz campus Coatzacoalcos. Professor in the area of chemical laboratory from Industrial and Services Technological Baccalaureate Center 85, Dr. José María Liceaga.
C. I. Ruiz-Reyes
Clara Ivonne Ruiz-Reyes. Specialisation in Environmental Diagnosis and Management at the University of Veracruz. BA in Environmental Engineering at the University of Veracruz. Experience in Quality and Integrated Management Systems (HSEQ).
A. del C. Ortega Martínez
Areli del Carmen Ortega Martínez. PhD in Sciences with Specialty in Biotechnology from the Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute. Master in Science in Chemical Engineering-Technological Institute of Orizaba. Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Technological Institute of Orizaba. Full-professor C at the Faculty of Chemical Sciences of the University of Veracruz campus Coatzacoalcos. http://www.uv.mx/coatza/cq