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ABSTRACT
Objective: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease induced by many environmental factors. The inhalation of allergens and pollutants promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness, and remodeling in allergic asthma. The effects of asthma medications on ROS production are unclear. The present study investigated the anti-ROS effects of current asthma medications including inhaled corticosteroid (ICS; budesonide and fluticasone), leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA; montelukast), long-acting β2 agonists (LABAs; salmeterol and formoterol), and a new extra-LABA (indacaterol). Methods: The human monocyte cell line THP-1 cells were pre-treated with different concentrations of the asthma medications at different time points after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulation. H2O2 production was measured with DCFH-DA by flow cytometry. Results: Montelukast, fluticasone, and salmeterol suppressed H2O2-induced ROS production. Indacaterol enhanced H2O2-induced ROS production. Budesonide and formoterol alone had no anti-ROS effects, but the combination of these two drugs significantly suppressed H2O2-induced ROS production. Conclusions: Different asthma medications have different anti-ROS effects on monocytes. The combination therapy with LABA and ICS seemed not to be the only choice for asthma control. Montelukast may also be a good supplemental treatment for the poorly controlled asthma because of its powerful anti-ROS effects. Our findings provide a novel therapeutic view in asthma.
Declaration of interest
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.
Funding
The study was supported by a grant from Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan (KMU-TP104A06), National Science Council (NSC 104-2314-B-037-070-MY3 and 103-2314-B-037-013) of the Republic of China, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Research Foundation (KMUH102-2T04 and KMUH104-4M58) and grants from Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital (KMHKH-103-013 and KMHKH-104-003).
