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Abstract
Adhesion and bounce of liquid and solid particles upon high-velocity impact with a surface has been investigated using semi-empirical and explicit hydrodynamic simulations. Ammonium nitrate (AN) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were selected as test compounds for the liquid and solid particles, respectively, and tungsten (W) as the target surface. Changes in the shape, temperature, strain, and rebound velocity of these particles upon high-velocity impact are investigated assuming operational conditions (particle diameter, and velocity) of Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). The simulations show that the AN particles adhere to the W surface, which is consistent with previous experimental studies. In the case of NaCl, the collection efficiencies depend significantly on the stress–strain characteristics of the crystal. Our results suggest that, in addition to particle phase and impact velocity, anisotropy of the elastic properties and brittleness are key factors in controlling the adhesion and bounce of solid particles.
Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
Acknowledgments
This study was funded by the SENTAN program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). The authors would like to thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of this article.
[Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Aerosol Science and Technology to view the free supplementary files.]
Notes
a“Note” depicts general features for each simulation run.
bThe unit of “Fracture” is the percent by mass of fractured fraction of particles.