Development of a detection system for gas-phase aromatics and other molecules ionizable by soft X-rays demonstrated using methyl salicylate

Dong-Bin Kwaka Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4256-769X

Seong Chan Kima Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

George W. Mulhollanda Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;b Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

Miles C. Owenc U.S. Army Primary Standards Laboratory, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, USA

Changhyuk Kimd School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea

Handol Leee Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence[email protected]

David Y.H Puia Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;f School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]

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Abstract

In the present study, we developed the detection method for gas-phase aromatics and other molecules ionizable by soft X-rays demonstrated using methyl salicylate which is one of the chemical warfare agent simulants by using soft X-ray and aerosol measurement techniques. The aromatic chemical compounds which have the benzene ring are well detected by the soft X-ray assisted detection method which converts gas vapors to nanoparticles through the photochemical processes. The present study reports on the formation of nanoparticles by describing the stage change during the soft X-ray irradiation: particle-free mode; nucleation mode; transition mode; accumulation mode; and stable mode. In a controlled environment, the empirical calibration curves can predict ppbv-level methyl salicylate vapor concentrations using particle number or volume concentration data obtained from the real-time aerosol detection instrument. We expect that this technology can be utilized for calibrating or intercomparing other instruments that measure methyl salicylate concentrations.

Editor:

Jim Smith

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Development of a detection system for gas-phase aromatics and other molecules ionizable by soft X-rays demonstrated using methyl salicylate

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Development of a detection system for gas-phase aromatics and other molecules ionizable by soft X-rays demonstrated using methyl salicylate

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